We Hold These Truths to Be Self-Evident: Engineering AFOs for Environmental Protection
نویسنده
چکیده
Introduction The transition from on-farm to industrial-scale livestock and poultry production in the United States has increased the social stress at the rural-urban interface as a result of actual environmental impairments, perceived increases in environmental risk, demographic and cultural shifts within agricultural communities and disillusionment with the nature of the economic growth that has accompanied the transition. This ongoing transition, which has occurred in response to the development of increasingly efficient production practices, economies of scale and technological innovation, has stimulated the growth of regulatory activity directed especially at the larger facilities, commonly known as confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs). The increasingly stringent regulatory requirements on these large facilities have been championed by environmental advocacy groups whose revulsion at the concept of confined animal production is frequently difficult to conceal and whose language often betrays a tacit prepossession with the traditional, small-farm production paradigm:
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